Comparative Analysis of Organic and Conventional Rice Production Economics in Kebbi State

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Interest in organic rice production is growing but economic viability concerns persist. This study compared economics of organic and conventional rice production in Kebbi State. Data were collected from 80 organic and 120 conventional rice farmers. Results showed that conventional farms had higher yields (5.2 tons/ha versus 4.1 tons/ha) but also higher production costs (N380,000 versus N285,000 per hectare). Despite lower yields, organic farmers achieved comparable gross margins due to lower input costs and premium prices (20% above conventional). Organic production had a benefit-cost ratio of 1.9 compared to 1.7 for conventional. Challenges for organic producers included certification costs and limited market access. The study recommends support for organic certification and market development.