Effect of Improved Seed Varieties on Cowpea Yield and Farmer Income in Sokoto State

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Improved seed varieties are critical for enhancing agricultural productivity. This study examined the effect of improved cowpea varieties on yield and farmer income in Sokoto State. A sample of 240 cowpea farmers was selected using multi-stage sampling, comprising 140 adopters and 100 non-adopters of improved varieties. Data analysis using t-tests and regression showed that adopters achieved 58% higher yields (1.8 tons/ha versus 1.14 tons/ha) and 45% higher gross margins. Adoption was significantly influenced by education level, access to extension services, and membership in farmer groups. Constraints to adoption included high seed cost, unavailability of seeds, and lack of awareness. Recommendations include subsidizing improved seeds and strengthening seed distribution systems.